What a Medical Power of Attorney Does

A Medical Power of Attorney is a legal document where you name someone to make health decisions for you. This person is called your healthcare proxy or agent. They only have this authority if you are unconscious or too ill to communicate your wishes yourself. You keep full control over your care as long as you are able to speak.

Doctors look for this document when you lose the ability to give informed consent. This usually happens if you are heavily sedated, in a coma, or suffering from a severe neurological event. Your proxy cannot override your wishes if you are capable of making decisions. They exist solely to represent your known values when you cannot voice them.

Your agent should make decisions based on what you would want, not what they personally prefer. They have access to your medical records and can talk to your doctors about your prognosis. If they do not know your specific preference on a treatment, they must act in your best interest. Choose someone who you trust to follow your instructions even during high-stress situations.

Medical emergencies are unpredictable and often happen suddenly. Without a named agent, hospitals must follow state laws to find a next-of-kin to make decisions, which may not be the person you would choose. Having a signed document prevents family disputes and ensures your care aligns with your goals. Keep a copy on file at your hospital and give the original to your agent.